High Voltage Direct Current Connections
The Network Code on High Voltage Direct Current Connections (HVDC) specifies requirements for long distance direct current (DC) connections. These are used to link offshore wind parks to mainland or to connect countries over long distances (for example the longest existing interconnector in Europe, NorNed, links Norway and The Netherlands with an HVDC submarine cable of 580 km long).
Published Regulation
The published network codes become regulations. Use this section for a handy way to jump to a particular article of the network code.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/1447
establishing a network code on requirements for grid connection of high voltage direct current systems and direct current-connected power park modules
- Article 1 - Subject matter
- Article 2 - Definitions
- Article 3 - Scope of application
- Article 4 - Application to existing HVDC systems and DC-connected power park modules
- Article 5 - Regulatory aspects
- Article 6 - Multiple TSOs
- Article 7 - Recovery of costs
- Article 8 - Public consultation
- Article 9 - Stakeholder involvement
- Article 10 - Confidentiality obligations
- Article 11 - Frequency ranges
- Article 12 - Rate-of-change-of-frequency withstand capability
- Article 13 - Active power controllability, control range and ramping rate
- Article 14 - Synthetic inertia
- Article 15 - Requirements relating to frequency sensitive mode, limited frequency sensitive mode overfrequency and limited frequency sensitive mode underfrequency
- Article 16 - Frequency control
- Article 17 - Maximum loss of active power
- Article 18 - Voltage ranges
- Article 19 - Short circuit contribution during faults
- Article 20 - Reactive power capability
- Article 21 - Reactive power exchanged with the network
- Article 22 - Reactive power control mode
- Article 23 - Priority to active or reactive power contribution
- Article 24 - Power quality
- Article 25 - Fault ride through capability
- Article 26 - Post fault active power recovery
- Article 27 - Fast recovery from DC faults
- Article 28 - Energisation and synchronisation of HVDC converter stations
- Article 29 - Interaction between HVDC systems or other plants and equipment
- Article 30 - Power oscillation damping capability
- Article 31 - Subsynchronous torsional interaction damping capability
- Article 32 - Network characteristics
- Article 33 - HVDC system robustness
- Article 34 - Electrical protection schemes and settings
- Article 35 - Priority ranking of protection and control
- Article 36 - Changes to protection and control schemes and settings
- Article 37 - Black start
- Article 38 - Scope
- Article 39 - Frequency stability requirements
- Article 40 - Reactive power and voltage requirements
- Article 41 - Control requirements
- Article 42 - Network characteristics
- Article 43 - Protection requirements
- Article 44 - Power quality
- Article 45 - General system management requirements applicable to DC-connected power park modules
- Article 46 - Scope
- Article 47 - Frequency stability requirements
- Article 48 - Reactive power and voltage requirements
- Article 49 - Network characteristics
- Article 50 - Power quality
- Article 51 - Operation of HVDC systems
- Article 52 - Parameters and settings
- Article 53 - Fault recording and monitoring
- Article 54 - Simulation models
- Article 55 - General provisions
- Article 56 - EON for HVDC systems
- Article 57 - ION for HVDC systems
- Article 58 - FON for HVDC systems
- Article 59 - Limited operational notification for HVDC systems/derogations
- Article 60 - General provisions
- Article 61 - EON for DC-connected power park modules
- Article 62 - ION for DC-connected power park modules
- Article 63 - FON for DC-connected power park modules
- Article 64 - Limited operational notification for DC-connected power park modules
- Article 65 - Identification of costs and benefits of application of requirements to existing HVDC systems or DC-connected power park modules
- Article 66 - Principles of cost-benefit analysis
- Article 67 - Common provisions for compliance testing
- Article 68 - Common provisions on compliance simulation
- Article 69 - Responsibility of the HVDC system owner and DC-connected power park module owner
- Article 70 - Tasks of the relevant system operator
- Article 71 - Compliance testing for HVDC systems
- Article 72 - Compliance testing for DC-connected power park modules and remote-end HVDC converter units
- Article 73 - Compliance simulations for HVDC systems
- Article 74 - Compliance simulations for DC-connected power park modules and remote-end HVDC converter units
- Article 75 - Non-binding guidance on implementation
- Article 76 - Monitoring
- Article 77 - Power to grant derogations
- Article 78 - General provisions
- Article 79 - Request for derogations by an HVDC system owner or DC-connected power park module owner
- Article 80 - Request for a derogation by a relevant system operator or relevant TSO
- Article 81 - Request for derogations from the provisions of Title III by a DC-connected power park module owner
- Article 82 - Register of derogations from the requirements of this Regulation
- Article 83 - Monitoring of derogations
- Article 84 - Amendment of contracts and general terms and conditions
- Article 85 - HVDC System or DC-connected power park modules connecting with synchronous areas or control areas not bound by EU legislation
- Article 86 - Entry into force
Implementation - Making the code a reality
Implementation Monitoring (Active Library)
Keep track of the implementation of each of the connection network codes, view implementation guidence documents, expert task forces and review consultation outcomes.
ViewImplementation guidance documents
Keep track of the latest versions of the implementation guidance documents
ViewTechnical Groups
Terms of reference for each of the technical groups
ViewHVDC related Deliverables
European Stakeholder Committee
Grid Connection
Last Meeting Documents
History & Development of the network code
Below you will find the Frequently asked questions relating to the network code High Voltage Direct Current Connections.
The Network Code on High Voltage Direct Current Connections (NC HVDC) will specify requirements for long distance DC connections, links between different synchronous areas and DC-connected Power Park Modules, such as offshore wind farms, which are becoming increasingly prominent in the European electricity system.
This is a relatively new area in which fewer standards or grid codes exist, making a pan-European approach particularly beneficial. Following on from the Network Code on Requirements for Generators and the Demand Connection Code, the NC HVDC will build on the same foundations, to create a consistent and complete set of connection codes.
Download final draft Network Code on HVDC connections – October 2015
Latest Status Update (December 2015)
In October 2015, Member States gathered in comitology voted positively on the new HVDC code. The code will now go through scrutiny by the European Parliament and Council, and ENTSO-E hopes it will enter into force in spring of 2016.
The draft code and all the related documents can be downloaded from the links in the table below. An overview of the latest developments for all network codes is available.
What Happens Next?
Far from representing the end of the work establishing an internal electricity market, the Comitology process is in fact just the beginning.
The network codes have been developed to help realise Europe’s three energy policy goals – of ensuring security of supply; creating a competitive Internal Electricity Market; and decarbonising the electricity sector. For this to happen the network codes need to be implemented and complied with across Europe.
Each network requires a series of steps to be taken before they can enter into force. This might be national decisions, the conclusion of regional agreements or the creation of more detailed methodologies. All market participants, DSOs, TSOs and regulators will be involved and there will be extensive development work and consultation required.
The connection related network codes employ a flexible framework, which allow some values to be set on a national basis, within ranges specified in the network codes, while other issues are tackled on a pan European basis. This approach reflects the fact that electricity transmission infrastructure has developed differently in many European countries.
##Stakeholder Engagement ENTSO-E’s stakeholder engagement for the development of the NC HVDC will comprise of Public Stakeholder Workshops, User Group Meetings as well as ad-hoc meetings and exchange of views with any interested party as appropriate. The HVDC User Group, which was constituted after an open call in early-2013, is a key forum for continuous interaction with stakeholders to ensure that issues are communicated and shared in an efficient manner throughout the development of the HVDC code. All material, including minutes and presentations from meetings will be made public.
Public Stakeholder Workshops
Date | Workshop | Minutes | Documents |
---|---|---|---|
04/12/13 | 2nd | Agenda Presentations | |
23/05/13 | 1st | Minutes | Agenda Presentations |
User Group Meetings
Date | Meeting | Minutes | Documents |
---|---|---|---|
10/03/14 | 5th | Minutes | NC HVDC Working Draft Presentations |
15/01/14 | 4th | Minutes | Presentations |
12/09/13 | 3rd | Minutes | NC HVDC Working Draft Presentations |
11/06/13 | 2nd | Minutes | Stakeholder input received Presentations |
12/03/13 | 1st | Minutes | Presentations |
Bilateral Stakeholder Meetings
Date | Stakeholder(s) | Documents |
---|---|---|
22/01/14 | Eurelectric & VGB | Minutes |
Related Documents and Links
Factsheet on HVDC code and technology
For further information on NC HVDC, please contact Edwin Haesen